WAVE spectrum provides a frequency domain description of the sea surface elevation and the stochastic process. Depending on the nature of the sea state they will be described by different shapes of spectra. Information about the spectral CHARACTERISTICS of WAVEs such as significant WAVE height, peak WAVE period and WAVE spectral energy density are the basic needs of many scientific and engineering activities. In this study the raw WAVE's data measured by the ADCP in the Asalouye from April 2006 to April 2007 are analyzed. Due to the need to convert the analyzed data into the frequency spectrum through the Fast Fourier Transform, certain considerations are made in analyses. Time series data obtained are classified, and after quality control, these data are used to obtain spectral energy density. The smoothed measured spectrum is compared with some various WAVE spectra estimated based on theoretical formulations such as Jonswap-Bretschneider-Ochi-Wallop spectra. Results of this study shows that the JONSWAP spectrum is in a good agreement with the measured spectrum. Root mean square values between maximum spectral energy obtained from measured and estimated by JONSWAP is less than other spectral models. It is also found that the spectrum of the region of study is predominant single peak. Furthermore directional WAVE spectrum is determined by using frequency spectrum based on Longuet-Higgins theory.

WAVE impact is the most important force to the marine structures. Breaking WAVEs makes the most severe forces to the marine structure. Due to the turbulence and strong mixing behavior of the breaking WAVEs, its analysis is difficult and complicated. In the present research, first a solitary WAVE is numerically modeled, and then the propagating of the solitary WAVE plunging breaker is simulated on the slope beach. The finite volume method and the two-phase VOF model have been implemented for free-surface MODELING. The simulation was performed in an unsteady-state using the k-w SST turbulence model. The governing equations of the WAVE movement were coded in the model. The shape of the free surface of the water is quantitatively and qualitatively in good agreement with analytical and experimental results. All of the different stages of WAVE breaking including the beginning, the tip-WAVE collision to the bed, the jet of water formation and its further breaking, are relatively in good agreement with the experimental data. Three-dimensional simulations of a solitary WAVE impact to a rigid column have been performed. These simulations were separately implemented for two states of breaking and without WAVE breaking. The results were validated in terms of impact forces.

Individuals with psychophysiological insomnia (Psych‑ Insomnia) would show raised cortical arousal through their initiating sleep. Frequent changes in the alpha activity can be indicative of visual cortical activation, even without visual stimulation or retinal input. Therefore, we aimed to investigate alpha‑ WAVE CHARACTERISTICS in Psych‑ Insomnia before and after sleep onset. In a case– control study, 11 individuals with Psych‑ Insomnia (age: 44. 00 ± 13. 27) and 11 age‑ , sex‑ , and body mass index‑ matched healthy individuals (age: 41. 64 ± 15. 89) were recruited for this study. An overnight polysomnography monitoring was performed. Alpha CHARACTERISTICS were calculated from wake before sleep onsets (WBSOs), wake after sleep onset, rapid eye movement, and nonrapid eye movement in the both groups. They include the alpha power and alpha frequency and their variability in the central region. In the WBSO, alpha activity and variability were higher in the Psych‑ Insomnia individuals compared to healthy individuals. In both groups, alpha frequency variability was observed at approximately 1 Hz. Alpha‑ WAVE synchronization in Psych‑ Insomnia individuals was higher than the group with normal sleep. Individuals with Psych‑ Insomnia have a lot of imagination in the wake before sleep, which can be caused by stress, everyday concerns, and daily concerns.